37 pages · 19,340 words
Basic principles of phonology and alphabet The text is read letter by letter exactly as it is written. No voiced sounds…
726 words
STRESS IN LPQR In LPQR the stress mark is fixed and typically falls on the penultimate syllable of a word. Because LPQR…
184 words
INTONATION IN LPQR SENTENCES ● Affirmative sentence : ○ Intonation : A gradual decrease in intonation towards the end. ○…
356 words
Personal pronouns replace nouns and denote persons depending on the grammatical person. 1st person: Singular: ja (I) Plu…
652 words
The pronoun "eto" in LPQR The pronoun "eto" can replace inanimate objects or point to them. In some cases, it can be use…
143 words
Demonstrative pronouns in LPQR Demonstrative pronouns: etot (this) - for masculine animate objects. eta (this) - for ani…
489 words
In LPQR, the following interrogative words (slovǐ-questii) are used: “čjto”(what), “kto”(who) ,“kakoj”(which), “gdje”(wh…
174 words
Definition and questions: Nouns denote objects and answer the questions "kto?" (who?) and "čto?" (what?). Nouns are divi…
325 words
CARDINAL NUMBERS The names of the first ten natural numbers are borrowed from Russian: 1 - odin, 2 - dva, 3 - tri, 4 - “…
392 words
All ordinal numerals in LPQR end in "-ǐj" If a cardinal numeral ends in "-j" or "-i", the corresponding ordinal numeral…
388 words
Adverbs of place In order to characterise an action, to indicate its feature, LPQR uses adverbs (adverbǐ). Most often, a…
799 words
Like other languages, LPQR has adjectives. These are words that answer the question "kakoj?" and denote a property or at…
482 words
Adjectives in LPQR, as in Russian, can act as both attributes and predicates in sentences. However, using the full form…
429 words
The comparative degree of qualitative adjectives, adverbs of manner, and quantitative adverbs in LPQR is formed by repla…
251 words
The superlative form of adjectives is formed using the word "samǐj" Nikolaj - samǐj siljnǐj iz eto grupa (Nikolaj is the…
292 words
Along with "true adjectives," LPQR also contains a group of words called "quasi-adjectives," QUASI-ADJECTIVǏ. These lack…
270 words
In LPQR, there is a reflexive pronoun, "sjebje," corresponding to the Russian pronoun "sebya." It indicates that the act…
196 words
In the grammar of verbs, the main difference between the LPQR language and Russian is a simpler conjugation. In the pres…
656 words
Past tense of regular and irregular verbs In LPQR verbs are divided into regular and irregular. All ti-verbs are irregul…
945 words
Using the linking verb "bǐtj" When the predicate of a sentence is expressed by a noun, adjective, participle or adverb,…
496 words
Ownership or possession In LPQR language this can be expressed in two ways: Using the verb "imjetj" (to have). Using the…
174 words
USE OF THE INFINITIVE OF THE VERB As already mentioned, the infinitive is used to construct the future tense, subjunctiv…
509 words
In LPQR language, verbs are divided into transitive and intransitive verbs. Transitive verbs in LPQR can be used with a…
1,075 words
The LPQR language has imperfective and perfective verbs. The rules for using imperfective and perfective verbs are simil…
1,310 words
Verbs of initial and final limit As in Russian, among the perfective verbs we can distinguish verbs of the initial limit…
266 words
In LPQR, as in Russian, an imperfective verb and its corresponding perfective verb form an aspectual pair. These pairs,…
480 words
WORD FORMATION OF PERFECT AND IMPERFECT VERBS In aspectual pairs of verbs, if the imperfective and perfective verbs shar…
447 words
Let us now consider verbs ending in the suffix -sja . These are reflexive and pseudo-reflexive verbs. The verbal ending…
1,297 words
The passive voice in LPQR is formed in two ways: The passive voice of perfective verbs is formed using the partial, a fo…
316 words
As mentioned earlier, the prepositions v and na are used both to indicate the location of an object (answering the quest…
978 words
As explained above, the preposition na denotes location on the surface of an object, attendance at an event involving ma…
724 words
The non-spatial meanings of the preposition v are derived directly from its two spatial meanings through the metaphorica…
507 words
SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS (KONIUNKCǏI SUBORDINATE) Conjunctions of action conditions Conjunctions “jesli,” “to” Examples:…
1,036 words
JUNKTOR Conjunctions are function words used to connect homogeneous members of a sentence and parts of a complex sentenc…
626 words
Conjunctive words (Prononimǐ-kak-koniukcǐi) Union words, like subordinating conjunctions, connect the main and subordina…
826 words
A direct object is without a preposition, an indirect object is with a preposition. The word order SPO (subject – predic…
38 words
A few words about word formation in the LPQR language. Not all words in the LPQR language are borrowed from Russian and…
86 words