Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
30 consonants
10 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | · | td | · | · | kg | q | · | ʔ | ||||||||||
| Nasal | m | · | · | n | · | · | ŋ | ɴ | · | · | ||||||||||
| Trill | · | · | · | r | · | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | θð | sz | ʃʒ | · | · | χʁ | ħʕ | hɦ | ||||||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | · | j | w | · | · | · | ||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | iy | · | u |
| Near-close | ɪ | · | ʊ |
| Open-mid | ɛœ | · | ɔ |
| Near-open | æ | · | · |
| Open | a | · | · |
Syllable Structure
Every possible structurePhonological Rules
/ɔ/ → /ʊ/ / _CC /ɔ/ → /ʊ/ / _C# /ɛ/ → /ɪ/ / _CC /ɛ/ → /ɪ/ / _C# /n/ → /ŋ/ / _k /n/ → /ŋ/ / _g /n/ → /m/ / _p /n/ → /m/ / _b /n/ → /ɴ/ / _q /ɛ/ → /ə/ / C_# /ɔ/ → /u/ / C_# /ɛː/ → /ɛ/ / _# /aː/ → /a/ / _# /ɔy/ → /uː/ / _C
Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 656 transcribed dictionary entries (2,176 total tokens)
/r/
224 (10.3%)
/l/
165 (7.6%)
/s/
155 (7.1%)
/n/
149 (6.8%)
/t/
143 (6.6%)
/m/
140 (6.4%)
/b/
133 (6.1%)
/i/
129 (5.9%)
/k/
127 (5.8%)
/f/
77 (3.5%)
/d/
77 (3.5%)
/uː/
71 (3.3%)
/ʃ/
66 (3%)
/j/
55 (2.5%)
/q/
52 (2.4%)
/ʒ/
51 (2.3%)
/ħ/
50 (2.3%)
/z/
45 (2.1%)
/ʕ/
43 (2%)
/w/
39 (1.8%)
/χ/
35 (1.6%)
/h/
28 (1.3%)
/g/
27 (1.2%)
/æ/
25 (1.1%)
/ð/
18 (0.8%)
/v/
13 (0.6%)
/ʁ/
12 (0.6%)
/p/
11 (0.5%)
/θ/
10 (0.5%)
/œ/
3 (0.1%)