Verb Conjugation
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Verb Conjugation
Verbs are the most complex grammatical elements in Kethic. A verb can carry information about tense, aspect, and social formality.
Verb Formula
[ROOT] + [TENSE] + [ASPECT] + [HONORIFIC]
The order is fixed. Tense comes first, then aspect, then honorific form.
Tense
Kethic has three main tense suffixes.
Past: -nor
Present: -en
Future: -oor
Past Tense
The past tense uses -nor.
It marks an action as finished.
Example:
gral = to step
gralnor = stepped
Present Tense
The present tense uses -en.
It marks an action as happening in the present.
Example:
gral = to step
gralen = steps / does step
Future Tense
The future tense uses -oor.
It marks an action as happening later.
Example:
gral = to step
graloor = will step
Ongoing Aspect
The ongoing aspect uses -mar.
It marks the action as continuous or in progress. It comes after the tense suffix.
Examples:
gralnormar = was stepping
gralenmar = is stepping
graloormar = will be stepping
Formal Honorific
The formal honorific uses -vaer.
It is added at the end of the verb stack. It marks respect, formal address, ritual speech, noble address, or elevated tone.
Examples:
gralnorvaer = stepped, formal
gralenvaer = steps, formal
graloormarvaer = will be stepping, formal