Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
22 consonants
7 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | ʈɖ | · | kg | · | ||||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | ɳ | · | · | · | ||||||||
| Trill | · | · | r | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||
| Tap/Flap | · | · | ɾ | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||
| Fricative | · | · | s | ɕʑ | ʂ | · | · | ɦ | ||||||||
| Approximant | · | ʋ | · | · | · | j | · | · | ||||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | ɭ | · | · | · | ||||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | · | u |
| Near-close | ɪ | · | · |
| Close-mid | e | · | o |
| Mid | · | ə | · |
| Near-open | · | ɐ | · |
Phonological Rules
/n/ → [ŋ]/ _k, g
Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 175 transcribed dictionary entries (958 total tokens)
/ə/
145 (15.1%)
/u/
55 (5.7%)
/ɾ/
50 (5.2%)
/m/
49 (5.1%)
/d/
47 (4.9%)
/i/
46 (4.8%)
/n/
46 (4.8%)
/ʂ/
44 (4.6%)
/ɕ/
40 (4.2%)
/k/
38 (4%)
/t/
38 (4%)
/j/
36 (3.8%)
/ɐː/
36 (3.8%)
/iː/
33 (3.4%)
/ʋ/
25 (2.6%)
/l/
25 (2.6%)
/ɦ/
24 (2.5%)
/r̩/
23 (2.4%)
/ə́/
16 (1.7%)
/s/
16 (1.7%)
/ʈ/
15 (1.6%)
/b/
11 (1.1%)
/ɭ/
11 (1.1%)
/ə̀/
11 (1.1%)
/uː/
10 (1%)
/kʰ/
9 (0.9%)
/ɖ/
7 (0.7%)
/g/
7 (0.7%)
/p/
7 (0.7%)
/eː/
6 (0.6%)