Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

22 consonants
7 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPostalveolarRetroflexPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosive
pb
·
td
·
ʈɖ
·
kg
·
Nasal
m
·
n
·
ɳ
·
·
·
Trill
·
·
r
·
·
·
·
·
Tap/Flap
·
·
ɾ
·
·
·
·
·
Fricative
·
·
s
ɕʑ
ʂ
·
·
ɦ
Approximant
·
ʋ
·
·
·
j
·
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
l
·
ɭ
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
·
u
Near-close
ɪ
··
Close-mid
e
·
o
Mid·
ə
·
Near-open·
ɐ
·

Phonological Rules

/n/ → [ŋ]/ _k, g

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 175 transcribed dictionary entries (958 total tokens)

/ə/
145 (15.1%)
/u/
55 (5.7%)
/ɾ/
50 (5.2%)
/m/
49 (5.1%)
/d/
47 (4.9%)
/i/
46 (4.8%)
/n/
46 (4.8%)
/ʂ/
44 (4.6%)
/ɕ/
40 (4.2%)
/k/
38 (4%)
/t/
38 (4%)
/j/
36 (3.8%)
/ɐː/
36 (3.8%)
//
33 (3.4%)
/ʋ/
25 (2.6%)
/l/
25 (2.6%)
/ɦ/
24 (2.5%)
//
23 (2.4%)
/ə́/
16 (1.7%)
/s/
16 (1.7%)
/ʈ/
15 (1.6%)
/b/
11 (1.1%)
/ɭ/
11 (1.1%)
/ə̀/
11 (1.1%)
//
10 (1%)
//
9 (0.9%)
/ɖ/
7 (0.7%)
/g/
7 (0.7%)
/p/
7 (0.7%)
//
6 (0.6%)