Paradigm Tables
Morphological patterns, declensions, and conjugations for Ighālyar
Personal Endings
The formal 2nd person takes the animate 3rd
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inanimate 3rd | -ya | N/A | N/A |
| Animate 3rd | ∅ | -abhi | -iru |
| Informal 2nd | -ar | -thaṃ | -anti |
| 1st | -ṇa | -hā | -u |
Auxiliaries
| Non-Finite Form | Auxiliary | Translation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cessative | Imperfective Converb | — | — |
| Continuous | Imperfective Converb | — | — |
| Necessitative | — | — | — |
Valency Changing Constructions
| Affix | |
|---|---|
| Mediopassive | -rū |
| Causative | -hṝṣ |
| Reciprocal | mṛ- |
| Benefactive | kr-ami |
| Agentive | vī- |
| Locative | nī- |
Tense Formation
| Stem | Suffix | Example | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Imperfect | Ø | dìjha |
| Habitual | Imperfect | -ṃgi | dìjhàṃgi |
| Aorist | Imperfect | -etta | dijháitta |
| Future | Imperfect | -uṣ(i) | dìjhōṣ |
| Perfect | Perfect | Ø | dedìjha |
| Imperfect | Perfect | -ṃgi | dedijhàṃgi |
| Pluperfect | Perfect | -etta | dedijháitta |
| Conditional | Perfect | -uṣ(i) | dedìjhōṣ |
Tense Formation
| Imperfective | Perfective | |
|---|---|---|
| Ø | Present | Perfect |
| -uṣ(i) | Future | Conditional |
| -ṃgi | Habitual | Imperfect |
| -tta | Aorist | Pluperfect |
Converbs
| Suffix | |
|---|---|
| Active | -alū |
| Passive | -rūvalū/rūlū |
Noun Case
| Vowel | Consonant | Nasalized | Retroflex | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | - | - | - | — |
| Accusative | -di | -ti | -ni | -ḍi |
| Ergative | -mu | -mu | -mu | -mu |
| Genitive | -ī́ra | -ī́ra | -ī́ra | -ra |
| Benefactive | -ā | -ā | -ā | -ā |
| Locative | -lū | -lū | -lū | -ḷū |
| Comitative | -yī | -yī | -yī | -yī |