Lexicon and word definitions
| Lemma | Gloss |
|---|---|
| -(a)n, -ar, ī, am | Meronymic suffix |
| -aṣṭra• | Demonym for cities |
| -au, -ā | Denominalizer |
| -dva• | -bearer, holder |
| -hṝṣau• | causative suffix, causal trigger |
| -nah• | Forms multiplicative numbers |
| -ṇar• | Demonym |
| -rūvau | 'object trigger' |
| -thyala | Impotential adjectival suffix |
| -yaḍau• | Inchoative aspect |
| -śa• | The Ibhya suffix, which derives adjectives from nouns |
| Ayolaṃ, Ayolī• | 'Eoli' |
| Aṣṛkháṭru, Aṣṛkháṭṛ-• | Aṣṛkhaṭru, a city in Migalya |
| Bālōkkvàṣṭra | Bālōkkvàṣṭra, the capital city of Ighālinar |
| Bālōkkvàṣṭraṣa• | Of Bālōkkvàṣṭra |
| Ighā́li | Ighāli, the region of the speakers of Ighālyar |
| Jàrṭṭuhiṣ• | Golden age, an era of prosperity in Ighālinar and beyond during the Atsa Empire |
| Mēṭrvedlar• | Sahlkomtzok'otl |
| Najīla | The Najīla river |
| Rikṣmṛḍūṃ• | Rikṣmṛḍūṃ, literally Blood Hill, named in reference to a horrifically brutal battle in the Third Maloekalan War |
| Vekrṇā̀rṣa• | Of Vékrṇār |
| Vékrṇār | Vékrṇār forest |
| abhrjamān | Astronomy, astrology |
| abhrjaṇar | Heavens and earth |
| abhāki | Name |
| abhṛjaṇ | Sun and moon, heaven |
| abhṛjàṇṣa• | Of heaven, astronomical, astrological |
| achyaḍau, ā́chyā• | To set out |
| adhaṃ• | Boy |
| adhōhī, adhōhi-• | Girl |
| aḍū́śa, aḍū́ṣar, aḍū́śaṃ, aḍū́śī• | Urban, from the city |
| aicidva• | Quiver |
| aicī, aicit-• | Arrow |
| aimā• | Air |
| ajhḗvyau, ājhḗvi• | To conquer, defeat |
| ajnau, ājna | To fold |
| alkhvau, ālkhu• | To pickle |
| anyī | Not |
| anyīmān | Nothing, void |
| anyīmānkr̄ṣau, anyīmānkagr̄ṣ | To mean nothing, to be gibberish |
| anīṃ• | However, nevertheless, but |
| astmān | Generosity |
| astmīḍar, astmīḍr-• | Gift |
| aṣṭra• | Town, forum, market, city |
| au, ga-• | 1st PL Pronoun; We, us |
| aṣrāgau, aṣū, aṣvyas, aṣūvas | To be away from, to be absent from, to be from |
| bighar | Carrot |
| bālōkku• | Sea |
| bālṓkṣa• | Of the sea, marine |
| bāḷsvā́mīn• | Pants, trousers, leggings |
| bā̀ḷ• | Leg |
| bēbūr | Thread, antenna |
| bīṣau, bēbīṣa• | To wash, clean, to purify; to immerse, submerge |
| bōshau, bōbōsh• | To carry, to ferry |
| bōshnaṃ, bōshnī | Cart-driver |
| bōshrūvau, bōbōshrū | To be ferried, to be carried |
| bōshīn | Cart |
| canul• | Cauldron, pot |
| cau, cajā | To gather, collect, collect |
| caudālīn | Earring |
| cava• | Ear |
| chidīgrṣau, cichtīgrṣ | To feed, nurture |
| chudīgau, chuchtīga• | To bite |
| chērkau, cochērka• | To harm, to hurt; to feel pain (in passive) |
| chī | And (then), also |
| chīmi• | First |
| chīṃ• | Flesh |
| chōvra, chōvr-• | Rice |
| cinyā• | Classifier for machines or large manmade objects (ie. boats) |
| cithūḷau, cicthūḷ• | To dream, hallucinate |
| céguḷ, céguḷ- | Hyena |
| cíṭṭar, cíṭṭṛ-• | Bird |
| daḷau, dedaḷ• | To sleep |
| deḷhrṣ, dedoḷhrṣ• | To put to sleep |
| deḷyaḍau, dedoḷyā• | To fall asleep |
| dijhau, dédujha• | To see |
| dlīṇ• | Head, face |
| dlūrīmástmyau, dlūrīmā́stmi• | To shine, glow |
| dlū́rīm• | Light |
| dviru | Cup |
| dviṣmān | Song |
| dviṣmānśa• | Of music, musical, beautiful, pretty |
| dviṣyanaṃ, -ī | Singer |
| dviṣyau, dedvuṣi | To sing |
| dvākshonau, dodvākshun• | To sprint |
| dvā́kshar, dvā́kṣ-• | Vasga, a large domesticated paravian, used for riding. Its scientific name is Ighalibellatrix familiaris. |
| dvā́kshau, dodvā́ksha• | To run |
| dvā́kṣa• | Of the vasga |
| dvā́kṣnayīn• | ‘vasga saddle’ |
| dvēnyau, dudvēni• | To use |
| dyōnyanaṃ | Dancer |
| dyōnyau, didyōni• | To dance |
| dēllū | In that way |
| dēmhal | In that place, there |
| dēmhlū | Yonder to, to that place |
| dēmhra | From there, thereon |
| dēmrtlīṇa | Of that kind |
| dēmā | For that, because |
| dēṃ, dyar, dī, dyaṃ• | Distal demonstrative, that |
| dēṃrun | At that time, then |
| dēnūṃ• | That amount |
| dīma | Cumin, jeera powder |
| dūmau, yādūma• | To pile, heap, organize |
| dūṃ• | Hill, heap, pile |
| dūṃra• | Cleaned, organized, heaped |
| ḍrāhau, doḍrāh• | To heat, to be warm (MED) |
| ḍrā́ha• | Warm, heated |
| ḍrūstaṃ, -ī• | Friend |
| ḍrū́ṣa• | Friendly, amicable |
| ebhrau, ēbhr• | To think |
| ebhrṣau, ēbhrṣ• | To warn |
| ekṣras | Chasm |
| ekṣrau, ēkṣra• | To break |
| entlī, -aṃ• | Lord |
| eṇhrau, ēnhar• | To fall |
| gamṛnau• | To forget, neglect; to lose |
| garva• | Northern pepper, milder and sweeter than southern pepper |
| gimēḍhar• | Spear |
| gokhvā, gokhvad-• | Armor fish |
| grēṇ• | Sugar |
| gvī• | Across |
| gṝya | Ginger |
| híṣau, yāhíṣā• | To rain (impersonal); to cry |
| hiṣ• | Rain, year |
| hiṣ ejrvar hiṣī́ra• | (Idiomatic) Never |
| hiṣèjha, èjhar, èjhaṃ, èjhī• | Lacking rain, dry, desert |
| hrau, har• | To resist |
| hrḷū | Barely, hardly |
| hédau, hetta• | To mock, shame, decieve |
| hìśyau, héhiśi• | To smell |
| hīdvau, hidhu, ganīdras, gaunīdras• | To bear |
| hīṣkrūvas | New year |
| ibhyau, ībhi• | To join, tie |
| ibōdhra• | Wall |
| iḍhu | Mustard |
| ikabhu | Ebony tree, ebony wood |
| ikshi | Salt |
| ippaṃ• | Brow |
| ippanālīn | Ornament that covers the brow |
| ippnālīmān | Nobility, aristocracy |
| ippnālīna | Noble |
| ira• | Herd |
| isru | Sweet |
| isthlanaṃ, isthlanī | Potter, artisan |
| isthlas | Shape, form, creation |
| isthlau, īsthla• | To mould, shape, build |
| ja, jar, jī, jaṃ• | Who, what (Interrogative) |
| jachī, jarchī, jīchī, jaṃchī• | Whoever, whatever (Interrogative) |
| jadūṃ• | What amount, how much |
| jahal• | Where |
| jahlū | Whitherto, where to? |
| jahra | From where? |
| jaippau, jajaippa• | To praise, worship, honor |
| jallū | In what way, how? |
| jarṭṭudva• | Wealthy, excessive |
| jarṭṭudvasyī | Wealthily, excessively, a lot |
| jarṭṭudvaṭṭa• | Bank |
| jarṭṭuvimān | Economics |
| jatmar, jatmṛ-• | Fire |
| jatmṛṣōnga• | Cannon |
| jibaḷyau, jejibaḷi• | To search |
| jobhan• | Favored |
| jyar• | Tongue, language |
| jyarvimān | Linguistics |
| jyarśa• | Of the tongue; of language, linguistic |
| jàrṭṭu• | Jade |
| jòbhnī, -aṃ• | 2nd SG Formal Pronoun; you |
| jā | For what, why |
| jān• | Human classifier |
| jāṇ, jāṇr-• | Sun, day |
| jāṇrṣa• | Relating to the sun |
| jēkhu | Boat, catamaran |
| jēkhṣa• | Of boats, naval |
| jēkhṣaṃ, jēkhṣayī | Sailor |
| jērtlīṇa | Of what kind? |
| jērun | When |
| jīnī• | Woman |
| jōbhan• | Favored, preferred |
| jōbhnyar | Formal greeting, be healthy! |
| kacca• | Pepper, peppercorn |
| kaparīn• | Boot |
| kaplar, kapr-• | Foot |
| kaprī́caṃ• | Limbs |
| khaimau, kakkīnu• | To act, do |
| khainṭar, khainṭr- | Action, doing, verb |
| khar, khr-• | 2nd SG Informal Pronoun; You |
| khatrūvau, kakkrū | To recieve |
| khaṭru• | Tower |
| khrgu• | Stick |
| khrāṃgar, khrāṃgr-• | Bear-dog |
| khrēṣranaṃ, khrēṣranī | Artisan |
| khrēṣrau, kekhrēṣar• | To build, make |
| khrēṣrṭar | Building, design, creation |
| khumī | Maiden, virgin (female) |
| khuṃ• | New |
| khā̀ḷ• | Now, instantly |
| khī̀r• | Hyena, in particular one kept as a pet |
| kidi• | Stone |
| krbōda | Plain |
| krbōdas | Flat, open |
| krūmān | Nation, a people |
| krūvau, kíkrū• | To be born |
| kr̄ṣ• | Classifier for words and literature |
| kr̄ṣau, kagr̄̀ṣ• | To say, speak, tell; to mean |
| kr̄ṣman• | Command, order; word |
| kyōḷār• | Bamboo |
| kyōḷīmān | Archery |
| kyōḷīn | Bow |
| kàr• | Towards (+ACC); Under (+GEN); Below (+LOC) |
| ká• | Or |
| kíḷuma | Turmeric, saffron |
| kíḷuṃśa• | Yellow, orange |
| kēḍar• | Lizard |
| kṝ-...-amyau | 'Benefactive circumfix, indicates the verb occurs for a referent' |
| kṝ⟩...⟨aṃrūvau• | 'benefactive trigger' |
| lal• | Classifer for buildings or localities |
| lal• | Door |
| lasmu | Healthy, whole, correct |
| lasmī̀ndvas• | Drug-bearer, doctor, pharmacist, drug-dealer |
| lasmṝṣau, lasmṝṣa• | To save, pardon, forgive, exempt |
| làsmīn• | Medicine, drug |
| līkranaṃ, -ī | Cook |
| līkrau, hālīkar• | To fry, cook |
| maḍūgḷar, maḍūgr-• | Elephant |
| maḍūṇayīn• | Elephant saddle, howdah |
| maitsa | Dark, dark blue, dark green, black |
| malākhau, maṃlākha• | To pray, desire, wish for |
| malākhman• | Desire, will, command, prayer |
| maṃ | Son |
| masītyau, maṃsītya• | To kneel down, to pray, to |
| masī́tman• | Prayer, song, hymn |
| maśśī• | Tomato |
| mirīni• | Mountain |
| miṣnau, miṃṣan• | To crush, destroy |
| miṣṭar, miṣṭr-• | Flour |
| miṣyaḍau, miṃṣyā• | To grind |
| moja, mojar, mojī, mojaṃ• | Someone, something |
| mojadūṃ• | Some amount |
| mojallū | In some way, somehow |
| mojhal• | Somewhere |
| mojērtlīṇa | Of some kind |
| mojērun | At some time |
| múḍhā• | Stew without lentils, cooked with chopped vegetables which are boiled, spiced, and often mixed with meat or other protein. |
| mārī• | Mother |
| mārīdaṃ | Parents |
| mēdijhau, mēdījha | To see each other |
| mējhrṣau, mēṃjhrṣ• | To kill |
| mējyaḍau, mēṃjyā• | To die |
| mēṭar, mēṭr-• | Death |
| mēṭḷū | Excessively |
| mī• | (Numeral) two, 2 |
| mīya | Asunder, apart, in two |
| mīyàstmān• | Separation, division, grammatical case |
| mīyástmyau, mīyā́stmi | To distribute |
| mōgu | Fish |
| mūlthyāja• | Bath, cistern, fountain |
| mū̀ḷ• | Water |
| mū́lvau, mū́mulu | To drink |
| naban | If not, otherwise |
| nadu• | Or not, forms yes/no questions |
| najvrau, nanjvar• | To put out (a fire), to break an oath |
| najvrmān | Falsehood |
| najvrṭar, najvrṭr- | Lie, lying |
| nakkīsvau, naṃkkīsu• | To swim |
| naḷa• | Classifier for food |
| nar• | World, earth, place |
| nau, nan | To sit |
| nikhau, ninkhā• | To flatten, press |
| nikhūjnau, ninkhūjan• | To beat |
| niksīn• | Axe, handaxe |
| nimáchyau, nimā́chi, nyēras, nyauras | To go to, approach |
| nivébhumau, niváubhuṃ | To come to, to arrive at |
| nujhi• | Seven |
| nujhrjā́ṇ• | Week |
| náshā, náshak-• | Grain |
| náyīn, nayīn-• | Seat, chair |
| nīl• | Thus, in this manner, that, used to delimit quotes |
| nīlvekhā | So great, so many, of such a size |
| nīḷaḷ• | Port, dock, harbor, wharf |
| nīṃ• | Into (+ACC), Away from (+GEN), Outside (+ERG) within (+LOC), around, near (+COM) |
| nīra• | Body of water, lake, river |
| nīrvas | Flatbread, usually unleavened |
| nīrṣa• | Related to a body of water; aquatic |
| nīvebhumān | Destination, goal, purpose |
| nī⟩...⟨rūvau• | 'locative trigger' |
| nōmar, nōmr̄-• | Nose |
| nōmr̄ḍālīn | Ornament that covers the nose |
| nōmr̄ṣāttna | Nasal sound, either a nasal or nasal vowel |
| ṇr̄́khyau, noṇr̄́khi• | To boil |
| osa, os- | Path, road, way |
| phudàlśa | Loving, romantic |
| phyēṃra• | Eucalyptus deglupta, a tree ritually important to the Ighāli |
| phyēṃraśa• | Relating to Eucaulyptus deglupta, rainbow-colored, multicolored |
| phúdal | Love (romantic), unhealthy obsession |
| phúdlanī, phúdlanaṃ | Lover |
| phúdḷāgau, phúdḷū | To love (romantically) |
| pūḍras | Cake |
| rashtaṃ• | King |
| rashtnar | Kingdom |
| rashtī | Queen |
| rikṣmar, rikṣmṛ-• | Blood, soul |
| rinau, rerina• | To tie; to associate, relate to |
| rīmṛṣa• | Red, dark red, blood red |
| sajhyun | Cinnamon |
| saju• | All |
| sajīra | Proceeds comparatives and contrastives to make superlative and sublative constructions |
| seḷāṃrau, sesḷāmar• | To love (as family or friend; DO NOT MESS THIS UP), to serve |
| shakhyanaṃ, shakhyanī | Executioner |
| shakhyau, shashkhi• | To stab, to execute (via spear) |
| shula | Alone |
| shulnar | Island |
| shūra• | Barren, empty |
| srḍīksha• | Palm tree |
| srāḍar• | Place, standing, country |
| svāmau, sūsvānu• | To cover |
| svāmīn• | Dress, skirt |
| sāttna• | Sound |
| sībr• | Onion, allium flower |
| sōngau, sosōnga• | To throw |
| ṣrḍhyau, saṣrḍhi | To hear, listen to |
| ṣrīkhmī• | Snow |
| ṣrīkhmīya | Snowy, white |
| ṣrīkṣaṃ, ṣrīkṣī• | Priest |
| tajhar | Storm, hardship |
| taraṃ• | Father |
| tenhrṣau, tedenhrṣ• | To enslave, to enlist |
| thi | One, 1 |
| thyaṃ• | Combining form of the great spirit |
| thyā-• | Together, united |
| thyājau, thyāja• | To collect together, gather together |
| thàṃ | Tea |
| thírunlū• | At one time, once |
| thā́mau, tathā́ma• | To heal |
| thīśa• | Belonging/related to the great spirit |
| tinālyau, titnāli• | To place |
| tināḷrūvau, titnāḷrū | To place oneself, to wait |
| tlīn• | Kind, group, dynasty, clan |
| tvindvas | Bad smelling |
| tvini• | Asafoetida, hing |
| tàjhrau, yādajhrā• | To storm |
| tèśpu• | Thick, wide, fat; low pitch |
| téṃnyau, teṃni• | To help, serve, comfort |
| tāghvi• | Evil |
| tālyas | Decorated, ornamented |
| tālyau, tadāli | To adorn |
| tēni• | Three |
| tī́yau, tṓdī• | To eat, chew; read, practice |
| tū | Often, habitually, commonly, recurrently |
| ṭrṇhau, taṭrṇha• | To stop, cease |
| ulbu | Tall, mature, wise |
| ulbumān | Height, wisdom, knowledge |
| ulbuthī | Above |
| uyutma | Cilantro, coriander |
| vagēḍar | Asogo |
| vaiḷḷu | Large leaf of a bannana or palm tree, plate, wing |
| vaiḷḷudvar | Nastlur |
| vaiṃ• | Tear, tears, crying |
| vanayīn | Throne |
| vaṭṭa• | House |
| vebhumau, vaubhuṃ• | To come; to know a skill or language (+BEN SUBJ); (PROG) to learn a skill or language (+BEN SUBJ) |
| vedlas• | Other, second |
| vekhā• | Big, populous, filled |
| vekhāhṝṣ• | To strengthen |
| veraṃ• | Man, husband |
| vimivaṭṭa• | School |
| vimrṣau, vaumrṣ• | To teach |
| vimyaḍau, vaumyā• | To learn |
| vimyau, vevimya• | To know, learn, to understand |
| vimān | Knowledge, study, science |
| vimṛṣṇaṃ. -ī• | Teacher |
| vodlyaḍau, vovedlyā• | To accompany, follow, escourt |
| vokṣu | Left, north |
| vrkhaimān, vrkhaimān-• | Investigation |
| vrkhainyaḍau, vavrkhainyā• | To interrogate, question, ask |
| vrṇ, ṇa-• | 1st SG Pronoun; I, me |
| vyanan | People |
| vyanisthlas | Humanoid, body, corpse |
| vyudajhar | Hardship |
| váchtār• | Night, darkness, black |
| vájhanaṃ, vájhanī• | 'wizard, magician, druid' |
| vájhau, váujha• | To light on fire/set fire to, to swear, to promise |
| vājēkhu | Large boat, ship, catamaran |
| vēkṛṇa• | Tree |
| vī | By means of, using, and |
| vīsvāṇūvau, vīsusvāṇū• | To wear |
| vī⟩...⟨rūvau | 'instrument trigger' |
| vṛ́ṭhyaṃ• | The great spirit |
| yudajhar | Problem |
| yujatmar | Comet |
| yā-• | Marks perfect aspect, especially with denominatives |
| yāyā́ṃra• | Finished, completed; perfect (aspect) |
| yā́mau, yā́yām• | To finish, end, conclude, be completed, auxiliary for cessative aspect |
| yōjhaḍar, yōjhaḍr-• | Fight, battle |
| yōjhau, yōyōjha• | To fight |
| yōjhnaṃ, -ī | Fighter, warrior |
| Áti | Ati, a city in north Ighalyar |
| àstmyau, āstmi• | To give |
| àṣra, áṣar | Ugly, dull, stupid, simple, nasty |
| ábhar, ábhr• | Moon, month |
| ábhū• | Classifier for general objects |
| áccrṣau, áccrṣ• | To drive out, to evacuate |
| áchimān• | Fricative |
| áchyau, ā́chi, gēras, gauras• | To go, to act, behave |
| áḍū, aḍūj• | Wall, city |
| ákṣin | Right, south |
| áshvanaṃ, -ī• | Rider |
| áshvau, ā́shva• | To ride, drive, sail |
| áṣachya• | Past, history; past tense, the suffix -tta and the tenses formed by it |
| áṣachyau, aṣā́chi, aghēras, aghauras | To go from, leave, pass |
| áṣachyavimān• | History |
| ègha• | Bones, bone |
| èjha, èjhar, èjhaṃ, èjhī• | Absent, lacking, deprived of (+GEN) |
| èjhalau, yaijhala• | To lack, need |
| èḷḷu | Leaf |
| èntliśa• | Of a lord, noble, aristocratic |
| ìbhya• | The adjective with the suffix -śa |
| ìṃjau, ī̀ṃja• | To play |
| ícṭṛja• | Sword |
| ícṭṛjvimān• | Swordsmanship |
| Ājhaṇar | Agyynor |
| āṃṣa | Mango |
| āṃṣaśa• | A seasoning derived from dried mangoes, amchur |
| ānla | Shiny |
| ānlanaṃ, ānlanī | Loved one |
| ānul• | Pearl |
| ā́ras• | Away from (+GEN), among |
| ēnhajhaṇ | The setting sun, evening, the west |
| ēvāḷa• | Peace |
| īcar• | Hand, arm |
| īsi• | Capsicum pepper, chili |
| ōsī• | As if, used to delimit quotes |
| Śūr• | Shūr desert |
| Śūrna• | Of Shur |
| śanīmas• | Grove, garden |
| śatti• | Sharp, thin, high pitch |
| śvàr, śvṛ-• | Horse |
| śvṛnáyīn• | Horse saddle |
| śvṛśa• | Horse-like |
| śā | Bug |
| śājíṭṭar, śājíṭṭṛ-• | Hummingbird |
| śīrvimān• | Biology, zoology, natural philosophy concerning animals |
| śīya• | Wild, natural |
| śīyar, śīr-• | Beast, monster |
| ḷīṇḍar, ḷīṇḍṛ-• | 'Volrúd, a domesticated species of large bodied Chlamyphorids, used in bearing large loads. Their scientific name is Lapidaphorus domesticus' |
| ṣr, ṣar, ṣrī, ṣraṃ• | Proximate demonstrative, this |
| ṣra | From this place, hereon |
| ṣratlīṇa | Of this kind |
| ṣrdūṃ• | This amount |
| ṣrhal | In this place, here |
| ṣrhlū | Hither, to this place |
| ṣrkkā• | Lumber |
| ṣrkkāṇar• | Monkey, ape |
| ṣrḷḷū | In this way |
| ṣrun | At this time, now |
| ṣrvali• | Horn |
| ṣrā | For that, because |
| ṣrāgau, ū, vyas, ūvas• | To be, to stand |
| ṣrājaḍau, yāṣrājaḍa• | To stand up, to begin |
| ṣrālau, yāṣrāla• | To stay, stand, wait, continue |
| ṣṝga• | River |
| ṣṝkṣa• | Related to a river, stream, delta |