Lexicon and word definitions
| Lemma | Gloss |
|---|---|
| abjail• | book; bound or bundled writing object; carried written collection |
| aptik• | correct; approved; valid according to a record or rule |
| aptik tidkram• | truth table; approved word-replacement record |
| arh• | man (male) |
| asso• | white |
| atnwuppu• | foot |
| auyauyesk• | voice |
| auyult• | apologise; express regret for wrong or harm |
| auyur• | hear; voice/sound receive |
| ađlačjf• | few |
| bai• | through |
| bajhuți• | to count |
| balbalor• | kind/type; category or kind of thing; general classifier concept |
| balkra• | healthy |
| baltodes• | cause |
| balyeza• | sick |
| bayunko• | wet |
| bepđoth• | thick |
| bimɣre• | to play |
| bičmal• | to eat |
| brasaɣ• | know; have recognized knowledge |
| brusa• | to sing |
| buft• | left (hand) |
| but• | leaf |
| buč• | to tie |
| dadu• | fish |
| dadzu• | fish |
| dats• | name |
| davu• | because; reason linker |
| dațid• | deny; say that something is not true; refuse responsibility |
| dečta• | stick (of wood) |
| dimki• | cloud |
| dimpa• | again |
| dimpai• | world |
| dimpil• | peace |
| dimpor• | ruler |
| dimpori• | show |
| dodzid• | divide |
| dodzo• | exist |
| dodzu• | forget |
| dodzun• | break; cause or undergo loss of integrity |
| dodzuni• | teach |
| doekjskid• | sea (ocean) |
| dorčes• | outsider; person belonging to a different named people, community, or speech group. |
| dođ• | to pull |
| driđe• | near |
| drodči• | to split |
| du• | two |
| dupefm• | to stand |
| durk• | five |
| durč• | five |
| durčes• | number |
| dutid• | little (count or mass) |
| duyk• | go; sneak away |
| duykesk• | get |
| duykid• | sell |
| duykun• | borrow |
| duyur• | to say |
| dzimu• | shine |
| dzunli• | heart; soul |
| e• | we |
| ehek• | stone |
| elur• | feather (large) |
| enđi• | to laugh |
| epyinam• | question; request for information |
| fađwu• | lake |
| feđpo• | sand |
| fi`• | to sew |
| fiahe• | far |
| fijep• | short |
| foh• | scratch (itch) |
| frayo• | wing |
| frebađɣelm• | to live |
| frodj• | to smell (perceive odor) |
| fruțčtre• | to fight |
| fuț• | to come |
| ha• | no; negative answer |
| hai• | under |
| haid• | maybe; uncertainty or possibility |
| haidi• | search |
| halo• | straight |
| hami• | hair |
| hamil• | stomach |
| hap• | inside; interior location or movement into an enclosed region |
| hawkaru• | ocean |
| hawr• | star; comet-like bright body |
| hawryor• | fog |
| hawtid• | yellow; star-colored |
| hawult• | plant |
| helho• | to breathe |
| hewjunil• | cloak |
| hewmul• | white; pale surface |
| hewoakesk• | toe |
| heworu• | writing |
| hewsezil• | paper |
| hewzeyes• | button |
| hewzunun• | face |
| hewțes• | flesh |
| hi• | one |
| hia• | can; ability, permission, or possibility |
| hikor• | before |
| hilktid• | sweet |
| himețt• | to suck |
| hiskid• | look |
| hist• | he; masculine/animate third person |
| hiu• | or |
| hiui• | compete |
| hiuu• | start |
| hiv• | one |
| ho• | ye |
| hofu• | always; at all times or on every occasion |
| homo• | old |
| hooka• | child (young) |
| hordo• | adult man |
| hordu• | word; named lexical item; sayable replacement form |
| hordu abjail• | word book; carried collection of truth tables |
| hubba• | community |
| hubbes• | law |
| hubbesi• | spirit |
| hubbil• | blade |
| hubbili• | foreigner |
| hubbom• | clay |
| hubbtid• | blue |
| hubbu• | owe; be under debt or obligation |
| humeu• | task; piece of work to be done |
| humeult• | attach |
| humut• | snake |
| hus• | he |
| huyhuyor• | hope |
| huyhuyun• | pain |
| huysesk• | mourn |
| huysult• | hate |
| hučpanvaf• | good |
| inđib• | worm |
| isđičm• | salt |
| iwhawes• | rock |
| iwhawu• | path |
| iwjunam• | sea creature |
| ja• | three |
| jaka• | blood |
| jav• | just (only) |
| jezu• | forgive; release someone from blame, debt, anger, or punishment |
| jibtid• | taste |
| jibtult• | cross |
| jibtulti• | put |
| jidɣadr• | neck |
| jiyu• | hand |
| jozo• | tail |
| jujij• | leg |
| junmomun• | bridge; structure or crossing over obstacle |
| junor• | lightning |
| ka• | this; near demonstrative |
| kakao• | why; for what reason or cause |
| kani• | here; near place |
| kapulun• | fact; something known or treated as true |
| karda• | fireplace |
| kardam• | traveller |
| kardil• | thunder |
| kardun• | island |
| karduni• | weather |
| kardunu• | metal |
| katr• | root |
| kau• | but |
| kaui• | happen |
| kauu• | then |
| kenjav• | dark |
| kenjavi• | weak |
| kenjik• | dangerous |
| kenjul• | important |
| kepți• | day (lit. not night) |
| kez• | short; cut off |
| klihi• | smooth |
| klujiđkah• | to rain |
| ko• | that; far demonstrative |
| koa• | to |
| koap• | outside; outward; beyond one’s own community or home speech area |
| koap hordu• | outside words; outward replacement vocabulary |
| kodhamun• | feces |
| kodkodu• | arm |
| kodo• | work |
| kodpivam• | finger |
| kodpula• | worker |
| kodpulam• | market |
| kodpulil• | market/bazaar |
| kodtadesk• | land |
| kodzopil• | gift |
| kofyrd• | extinct outward trade speech; Kedusyn-made Newañi-lexified trade language |
| koid• | result |
| konau• | part; component or portion of a whole |
| kordun• | mountain |
| koslik• | yes; affirmative answer |
| kospa• | thin |
| krav• | bad; damaged in quality |
| krava• | around |
| kravai• | room |
| kravil• | thought |
| kravor• | thirsty |
| kravu• | argument |
| kridčči• | leaf |
| kru• | too much/too; excessive amount or degree |
| kruesk• | clean |
| kruez• | bright |
| krui• | above |
| krult• | enough; sufficient amount or degree |
| kruom• | flat |
| krutid• | similar |
| kruu• | behind |
| kuj• | tree |
| kuni• | there; distal place |
| kunid• | there |
| lefiz• | louse |
| lejuɣk• | to fly |
| lipțizyo• | wipe |
| lirpaț• | tongue |
| liswav• | long |
| livi• | bird |
| lovrebzu• | woods |
| ločfe• | river |
| luzf• | woman |
| ma• | those; distal plural demonstrative |
| madmikam• | relative; kinship concept: relative |
| madmikes• | sister; kinship concept: sister |
| madol• | mother |
| mahl• | green |
| mai• | for (dative or ablative) |
| mat• | eat |
| mathilam• | meal |
| mau• | until |
| mef• | animal |
| mesk• | very; degree intensifier |
| mew• | new |
| mika• | child; young person |
| milb• | road |
| milbar• | long; road-like |
| mint• | to sleep |
| mints• | sleep |
| miryo• | to give |
| miwrav• | allow |
| miwrid• | do; perform action; often light verb |
| miwridi• | end |
| miwro• | need |
| miwroi• | remember |
| miya• | to hunt (game) |
| molra• | to fear |
| momo• | seed |
| mompesk• | bed |
| mompeski• | door |
| mufopt• | narrow |
| muri• | rope |
| na• | and; free coordinator |
| nai• | from |
| namap• | refuse; actively reject, decline, or not want something |
| namesk• | cry |
| namo• | call |
| namp• | say; announce |
| nampav• | promise |
| nampu• | answer |
| nap• | to kill |
| nav• | same; identical or not different from another referent |
| nazvlačso• | fruit |
| ni• | in |
| nikal• | different |
| nikali• | stronger |
| nikap• | open |
| nikesk• | more |
| nikez• | false |
| nikom• | large |
| niktid• | broken |
| nikul• | wrong; incorrect, mistaken, or morally improper |
| nisk• | cold; interrupting/sharp |
| niskav• | want |
| noral• | deaf |
| norka• | dog |
| norkam• | insect |
| nuk• | earth; ground |
| nuyirk• | ice |
| oa• | which; asks selection from a known set |
| oač• | tear |
| oačesk• | saliva |
| oačil• | knee |
| oaču• | urine |
| oder• | other |
| oid• | lose |
| okhar• | water |
| okharesk• | valley |
| okharil• | smoke |
| okharmi• | river |
| okharun• | path/route/way |
| okharuni• | dawn |
| okhbies• | bread |
| okhmat• | drink |
| onaesk• | something |
| orač• | round; mat-like/circular |
| orzeyor• | clothing |
| oɣđu• | dull (knife) |
| panal• | unhealthy (state) |
| panez• | light |
| panik• | alive |
| panual• | less; smaller amount or lower degree |
| panuesk• | color |
| panul• | allowed |
| panuli• | whole |
| panuom• | front |
| pazom• | vegetable |
| pazun• | ferment; change by microbial action; sour or alcoholic preparation |
| pazvumesk• | prepared food |
| pebfrumț• | earth (soil) |
| pesweđt• | fire |
| pidid• | yet; up to now in negative or interrogative contexts; future expectation |
| pindu• | moon |
| pivkesk• | belly |
| pivmewor• | sweat |
| pivoakun• | brain |
| piwkesk• | belly |
| pleđozf• | dog |
| pli• | to fall (drop) |
| pra• | hold (in hand) |
| pri• | mountain |
| pulka• | friend |
| pulkav• | ask |
| pulkesk• | feel |
| pulkor• | home/house |
| pulku• | house |
| pulkun• | own/possess; have as property or controlled thing |
| ram• | with (accompanying) |
| rik• | old |
| rirsɣro• | father |
| roa• | to hit |
| ropbom• | to die |
| rudo• | head |
| ruzpemo• | right (hand) |
| ryo• | fire |
| ryotid• | hot |
| ryoveles• | ground |
| ryoz• | red; fire-colored |
| sa• | what; non-human interrogative |
| salfa• | soul |
| salfav• | soft |
| salfez• | possible |
| salfun• | marriage |
| san• | who; human interrogative |
| sansam• | to squeeze |
| sarfel• | snow |
| sačaktil• | ashes |
| sesbhobl• | to stab (or stick) |
| sețjnof• | wind (breeze) |
| si• | if; conditional marker |
| siɣla• | to walk |
| so• | where; place interrogative |
| soa• | must; necessity, obligation, or strong inference |
| sodmadesk• | grandfather; kinship concept: grandfather |
| sodmilb• | parent |
| sodtador• | brother; kinship concept: brother |
| sodtadun• | daughter; kinship concept: daughter |
| sodyaka• | clan; kinship concept: clan |
| sok• | where |
| sor• | how; manner interrogative |
| sorap• | block |
| sorhies• | without |
| sorid• | choose |
| sorsaesk• | after |
| sorult• | follow |
| sov`• | skin (of person) |
| sovar• | sun |
| sowra• | adult woman |
| sowtimil• | uncle; kinship concept: uncle |
| sowtimu• | family; kinship concept: family |
| spaɣsdotđ`• | husband |
| srokav• | remove |
| sroko• | make; create, build, cause to exist |
| srokoi• | carry |
| srokult• | close |
| stoltič• | guts |
| su• | when; time interrogative |
| sunk• | four |
| sunč• | four |
| suv• | when |
| ta• | at |
| taddam• | slave |
| taddesk• | contact language; historically mixed or contact-derived speech variety |
| taddun• | authority |
| tadmadam• | grandmother; kinship concept: grandmother |
| tador• | father |
| tadyakes• | aunt; kinship concept: aunt |
| tadzunesk• | baby |
| tai• | since; from a past time or because of a reason |
| tamap• | small |
| tazap• | admit |
| tazhuyes• | evidence; information showing that something is true |
| tazkenor• | rough |
| tempo• | sorry |
| tez`• | hair |
| tiddimesk• | succeed |
| tidesk• | serve |
| tidkram• | record; written register; checked account entry |
| tidkrau• | birth |
| tidtidam• | accept |
| tidyezesk• | still |
| tikal• | true |
| tiki• | first |
| tikom• | strong |
| tikul• | beautiful |
| tilva• | enemy |
| tilvap• | rule |
| tilvo• | forbidden; not permitted by rule or authority |
| tiv• | small; slight |
| tivtivu• | blind |
| tivtodesk• | thing |
| tivtodor• | death |
| tivyezor• | already |
| tivyezu• | attempt |
| to• | you; second-person singular or informal addressee |
| toda• | goodbye |
| todam• | strength |
| toddimam• | competition |
| toddimes• | trust |
| toddimil• | title |
| toddimu• | her |
| todesk• | case; particular occurrence or example |
| todkraesk• | sound |
| todkram• | impossible |
| todtidam• | correct |
| todtides• | medicine |
| todtidun• | test |
| todtivesk• | nothing |
| todtodor• | story |
| todu• | almost; nearly but not completely |
| todyezes• | police |
| todyezesk• | prevent |
| todyezun• | disagree |
| tomal• | ugly |
| tomba• | to float |
| tomez• | hard |
| tomtid• | brown |
| tomtidi• | full |
| tomul• | high |
| tonfor• | cloak/cloth wrap |
| tou• | while; during the time that; simultaneous event linker |
| tsak• | see; scan |
| tu• | thouyou |
| tulk• | give; transfer |
| tuphumun• | grain (domestic plant) |
| tupryoun• | food |
| tuv• | nose |
| tučru• | flower |
| unčap• | decide |
| unčid• | like |
| unčo• | move |
| unčult• | run; move quickly by foot |
| unčun• | believe |
| unčunz• | swim |
| upi• | to blow (wind) |
| uyu• | fat (substance) |
| uztult• | argue |
| uztun• | act |
| uč• | come; visit; attend |
| učun• | use |
| vedak• | dry (substance) |
| veevz• | heavy |
| velj• | tree; breed/growing stock |
| veljam• | sunrise |
| veljes• | hill |
| veljesk• | wood |
| veltid• | green; leaf-colored |
| vlub• | to dig |
| vorkha• | bird |
| vral• | meat (flesh) |
| vro• | big |
| vubut• | wife |
| vumbes• | body condition |
| vumbesi• | shoulder |
| vumbun• | love |
| wauđ• | many |
| woel• | to vomit |
| wopfikč• | to throw |
| wubd• | ear |
| wulyih• | back |
| wuđyemar• | person |
| yak• | all |
| yakhoror• | sibling |
| yakmimu• | son; kinship concept: son |
| yakmiwesk• | spider |
| yaksowes• | cousin; kinship concept: cousin |
| yakveles• | horse |
| yaok• | to drink |
| yeah• | to see |
| yejkes• | to push |
| yeske• | to burn (intransitive) |
| yeu• | across |
| yez• | good; neat; fine |
| yezdima• | time |
| yeztidu• | smile |
| yeztivun• | relaxed |
| yeztodo• | hello |
| yezun• | adult |
| yindatu• | language |
| yinyines• | example; specific case used to explain a general point |
| yodyit• | water |
| yof• | wide |
| yotu• | sharp (knife) |
| yup`• | liver |
| zakta• | they; third-person plural |
| začop• | sun |
| ze• | they |
| zeft• | some |
| zemeɣ• | to flow |
| zeykara• | tool |
| zeyzeyam• | hungry |
| zoa• | between; in the space separating two or more things |
| zoai• | beside |
| zovar• | big; broad |
| zovares• | soldier |
| zovaresk• | gentle |
| zovareski• | side |
| zovaril• | war |
| zovaror• | tired |
| zuna• | to think |
| zusedč• | grass |
| zuɣeprneč• | night |
| čafi• | mother |
| čenaɣ`• | to bite |
| česap• | lend; give something temporarily with expectation of return |
| česesk• | situation; state of affairs at a time or place |
| česu• | group |
| čiwu• | bark (of a tree) |
| čotddem• | to wash |
| čovid• | listen |
| čovult• | watch |
| čumba• | doctor |
| čumbesk• | never |
| čumbeski• | price |
| čumbor• | confess |
| čumbori• | school |
| čumesk• | solution; answer or way of resolving a problem |
| čumeski• | religion |
| čumor• | leader |
| čumun• | money |
| đaspur• | rotten (log) |
| đasđ• | rub |
| đav• | new |
| đedu• | tooth (front) |
| đifru• | to lie (on side) |
| điraț• | red |
| đufo• | eye |
| đuspođ• | to freeze |
| ța• | i; first-person singular speaker |
| țaku• | touch |
| țakčeč• | dirty |
| țami• | we; first-person plural |
| țefilm• | star |
| țezes• | breath |
| țezesk• | thigh |
| țezor• | body; whole physical person or living organism |
| țizr• | to swell |
| țohod• | to spit |
| țovn• | egg |
| țuklu• | bad |
| ɣatl• | mouth |
| ɣazlwo• | dust |
| ɣebre• | bone |
| ɣivțbu• | sky |
| ɣlahađ• | to turn (veer) |
| ɣlalmɣibk• | to cut |
| ɣlopniv• | to hear |
| ɣoppa• | air |
| ɣoppam• | forest |
| ɣoppesk• | soil |
| ɣoppor• | sea mammal |
| ɣoppori• | storm |
| ɣopporu• | way |
| ɣrea• | cold (weather) |
| ɣredɣ• | warm (weather) |
| ɣrijiɣ• | yellow |
| ɣulk• | sit |
| ɣulkap• | leave |
| ɣulkav• | should |
| ɣulko• | take off |
| ɣulkoi• | stop |
| ɣulku• | wear |
| ɣulkult• | learn |
| ɣulkun• | help |
| ɣumuč• | year |
| ɣusov• | black; dark-skin/dark surface |
| ɣutoj• | black |