Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

18 consonants
7 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalDentalAlveolarPostalveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosive
p
·
·
t
·
·
k
ʔ
Nasal
m
·
·
n
·
·
ŋ
·
Trill
·
·
·
r
·
·
·
·
Fricative
·
f
θ
s
ʃ
·
x
h
Approximant
·
·
·
·
·
j
w
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
·
l
·
ʎ
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
·
u
Close-mid
e
·
o
Open-mid
ɛ
·
ɔ
Open
a
··

Syllable Structure

(C)V(C)

Phonological Rules

/p/ → [ʔ] / _#
/t/ → [ʔ] / _#
/k/ → [ʔ] / _#
/tl/ → /ʃ/ /_

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 162 transcribed dictionary entries (839 total tokens)

/a/
74 (8.8%)
/e/
68 (8.1%)
/o/
61 (7.3%)
/i/
49 (5.8%)
/u/
47 (5.6%)
/n/
43 (5.1%)
/k/
43 (5.1%)
/r/
40 (4.8%)
/ʔ/
39 (4.6%)
/ʎ/
33 (3.9%)
/w/
32 (3.8%)
/l/
32 (3.8%)
/ʃ/
31 (3.7%)
/ɛ/
28 (3.3%)
/ɔ/
27 (3.2%)
/j/
27 (3.2%)
/h/
26 (3.1%)
/θ/
21 (2.5%)
/t/
21 (2.5%)
/s/
20 (2.4%)
/ŋ/
20 (2.4%)
/m/
19 (2.3%)
/p/
18 (2.1%)
/x/
10 (1.2%)
/f/
10 (1.2%)