Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

19 consonants
6 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialAlveolarPostalveolarPalatalVelarUvularGlottal
Plosive
pb
td
·
·
kg
q
ʔ
Nasal
m
n
·
·
·
ɴ
·
Trill
·
r
·
·
·
·
·
Fricative
·
sz
ɕ
·
x
·
h
Approximant
·
·
·
j
w
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
·
u
Close-mid··
o
Mid·
ə
·
Open-mid
ɛ
··
Open
a
··

Syllable Structure

(C)V(n/k/ɴ/r)

Phonological Rules

/t, d, s, z/ → [tɕ, dʑ, ɕ, ʑ] / _{i, ɛ}
/ɕ/ → [ɕʲ ~ ɕ]
/ɴ/ → [ŋ] / _{k,g,x}
/ɴ/ → [n] / elsewhere
/z/ → [s] / #_

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 101 transcribed dictionary entries (395 total tokens)

/a/
48 (12.2%)
/o/
38 (9.6%)
/i/
38 (9.6%)
/n/
36 (9.1%)
/u/
32 (8.1%)
/k/
28 (7.1%)
/ə/
28 (7.1%)
/r/
23 (5.8%)
/ɛ/
19 (4.8%)
/t/
17 (4.3%)
/m/
12 (3%)
/x/
12 (3%)
/p/
9 (2.3%)
/ɴ/
9 (2.3%)
/w/
8 (2%)
/j/
8 (2%)
/s/
7 (1.8%)
/h/
5 (1.3%)
/b/
5 (1.3%)
/d/
4 (1%)
/g/
3 (0.8%)
/q/
2 (0.5%)
/ɕ/
2 (0.5%)
/ʔ/
1 (0.3%)
/z/
1 (0.3%)