Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

21 consonants
9 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalDentalAlveolarPostalveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosive
pb
·
·
td
·
·
kg
ʔ
Nasal
m
·
·
n
·
·
·
·
Trill
·
·
·
r
·
·
·
·
Fricative
·
f
θ
sz
ʃʒ
·
·
h
Lateral fricative
·
·
·
ɬ
·
·
·
·
Approximant
·
ʋ
·
·
·
j
·
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
·
l
·
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
·
u
Near-close
ɪ
··
Close-mid
e
·
o
Mid·
ə
·
Open-mid
ɛ
··
Open
a
·
ɑ

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 422 transcribed dictionary entries (1,785 total tokens)

/a/
203 (11.4%)
/ɪ/
193 (10.8%)
/n/
142 (8%)
/s/
112 (6.3%)
/o/
95 (5.3%)
/k/
92 (5.2%)
/t/
91 (5.1%)
/e/
76 (4.3%)
/l/
64 (3.6%)
/m/
63 (3.5%)
//
55 (3.1%)
/h/
52 (2.9%)
/ʃ/
50 (2.8%)
/u/
49 (2.7%)
/d/
46 (2.6%)
/ɬ/
40 (2.2%)
/ɑː/
39 (2.2%)
/j/
39 (2.2%)
/p/
35 (2%)
/θ/
34 (1.9%)
//
28 (1.6%)
/r/
27 (1.5%)
/z/
22 (1.2%)
//
21 (1.2%)
/ə/
19 (1.1%)
/ɛ/
18 (1%)
/b/
17 (1%)
/g/
17 (1%)
/ʋ/
15 (0.8%)
/f/
15 (0.8%)