Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

12 consonants
5 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPostalveolarVelarGlottal
Plosive
b
·
·
·
·
ʔ
Nasal
m
·
·
·
ŋ
·
Tap/Flap
·
·
ɾ
·
·
·
Fricative
ɸ
·
·
ʃ
·
ɦ
Affricate
·
·
·
·
kx
·
Approximant
·
ʋ
·
·
w
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
l
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
i
·
u
Mid
·
Open·
ä
·

Syllable Structure

(C)V(V)

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 65 transcribed dictionary entries (217 total tokens)

//
27 (12.4%)
/ä/
25 (11.5%)
/u/
23 (10.6%)
/i/
21 (9.7%)
//
20 (9.2%)
/m/
13 (6%)
/l/
11 (5.1%)
//
11 (5.1%)
//
8 (3.7%)
/ʋ/
8 (3.7%)
/ŋ/
7 (3.2%)
//
6 (2.8%)
/ɸ/
5 (2.3%)
/ŋʷ/
5 (2.3%)
/ɾ/
5 (2.3%)
/ɦ/
5 (2.3%)
/b/
4 (1.8%)
/ʃ/
4 (1.8%)
/ʃʷ/
3 (1.4%)
//
2 (0.9%)
/ɦʷ/
1 (0.5%)
//
1 (0.5%)
/ɾʷ/
1 (0.5%)
//
1 (0.5%)