Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
20 consonants
8 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | td | · | · | kg | · | · | ||||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||
| Trill | · | · | r | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | sz | ʃʒ | · | · | χ | h | ||||||||
| Affricate | · | · | · | dʒ | · | · | · | · | ||||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | j | · | · | · | ||||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | l | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | · | ɯu |
| Close-mid | e | · | o |
| Mid | · | ə | · |
| Open | a | · | ɑ |
Syllable Structure
CVC. VCV.Phonological Rules
dž → ʤ aa → ɑ
Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 1228 transcribed dictionary entries (7,148 total tokens)
/a/
1,061 (14.8%)
/r/
627 (8.8%)
/l/
484 (6.8%)
/u/
479 (6.7%)
/n/
455 (6.4%)
/o/
449 (6.3%)
/i/
396 (5.5%)
/t/
391 (5.5%)
/s/
372 (5.2%)
/f/
360 (5%)
/ə/
332 (4.6%)
/e/
240 (3.4%)
/m/
209 (2.9%)
/d/
201 (2.8%)
/ʃ/
196 (2.7%)
/p/
188 (2.6%)
/z/
177 (2.5%)
/v/
154 (2.2%)
/b/
86 (1.2%)
/ʒ/
75 (1%)
/kˠ/
63 (0.9%)
/h/
59 (0.8%)
/ɯ/
41 (0.6%)
/j/
31 (0.4%)
/χ/
22 (0.3%)