Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
15 consonants
9 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | t | ɖ | · | kg | · | · | ||||||||
| Nasal | m | · | n | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||
| Trill | · | · | · | · | · | · | ʀ | · | ||||||||
| Fricative | · | v | s | · | · | · | · | h | ||||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | j | w | · | · | ||||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | · | · | · | ʟ | · | · | ||||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | · | u |
| Near-close | ɪ | · | ʊ |
| Close-mid | · | · | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | ɔ |
| Near-open | æ | · | · |
| Open | a | · | · |
Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 148 transcribed dictionary entries (421 total tokens)
/ɛ/
38 (9%)
/k/
31 (7.4%)
/æ/
29 (6.9%)
/g/
28 (6.7%)
/n/
27 (6.4%)
/ʀ/
26 (6.2%)
/s/
22 (5.2%)
/b/
21 (5%)
/o/
20 (4.8%)
/ʊ/
19 (4.5%)
/i/
18 (4.3%)
/m/
15 (3.6%)
/t/
13 (3.1%)
/a/
13 (3.1%)
/j/
12 (2.9%)
/p/
12 (2.9%)
/u/
11 (2.6%)
/ʟ/
10 (2.4%)
/ɖ/
10 (2.4%)
/ɔ̃/
9 (2.1%)
/ã/
8 (1.9%)
/w/
6 (1.4%)
/kw/
6 (1.4%)
/ɪ/
6 (1.4%)
/v/
6 (1.4%)
/h/
4 (1%)
/ẽ/
1 (0.2%)