Sound inventory and phonological rules
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | · | td | · | · | · | kg | qɢ | ʔ | ||||||||||
| Nasal | m | · | · | n | · | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | · | · | ||||||||||
| Trill | · | · | · | r | · | · | · | · | · | · | ||||||||||
| Fricative | · | fv | θð | sz | ɕʒ | · | · | ʍ | χʁ | h | ||||||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | · | · | j | · | · | · | ||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | · | ɫ | · | ɭ | · | · | · | · | ||||||||||
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | · | u |
| Close-mid | e | · | o |
| Mid | · | ə | · |
| Open-mid | · | · | ʌ |
| Open | a | · | · |
CV(C)/m, n, ŋ/ → [ᵐ, ⁿ, ᵑ] / _{p, b, t, d, k, g}
/m, n/ → [m̠, n̠] / _#
/p, t, k, q/ → [pʰ, tʰ, kʰ, qʰ] / #_
/b, d, g, ɢ/ → [β, ð, ɣ, ʁ] / V_V
/f, s, ʃ, χ/ → [v, z, ʒ, ʁ] / V_V
/h/ → [ɦ] / V_V
/ʃ/ → [ɕ] / _{i, e}
/ɕ/ → [ʃ] / _{o, u}
/ts, tʃ/ → [tsʰ, tʃʰ] / #_
/dz, dʒ/ → [z, ʒ] / V_V
/θ, ð/ → [s, z] / _{i, e}
/r/ → [ɾ] / Casual
/r/ → [r] / Careful
/ɫ/ → [l] / _{i, e}
/ɫ/ → [ɫ] / _{o, u}
/ʍ/ → [ẘ] / #_
/ɭ/ → [l] / Casual
/ɭ/ → [ɭ] / Liturgical
/i, u/ → [ɪ, ʊ] / Unstressed
/e, o/ → [ɛ, ɔ] / Unstressed
/a/ → [ɑ] / _{q, ɢ, χ, ʁ}
/ə/ → [i] / Unstressed
/ʌ/ → [e, ʌ, a]Distribution of phonemes across 1091 transcribed dictionary entries (6,654 total tokens)