Phonology
Sound inventory and phonological rules
25 consonants
11 vowels
Consonant Inventory
| Manner | Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | pb | · | · | td | · | kg | · | |||||||
| Nasal | m | · | · | n | · | ŋ | · | |||||||
| Trill | · | · | · | r | · | · | · | |||||||
| Tap/Flap | · | · | · | ɾ | · | · | · | |||||||
| Fricative | ɸ | fv | θð | s | ʃʒ | · | h | |||||||
| Affricate | · | · | · | · | tʃdʒ | · | · | |||||||
| Approximant | · | · | · | · | · | w | · | |||||||
| Lateral approximant | · | · | · | l | · | · | · | |||||||
Vowel Inventory
| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | iy | · | u |
| Near-close | ɪʏ | · | ʊ |
| Close-mid | e | ɵ | · |
| Open-mid | ɛ | · | ɔ |
| Open | a | · | · |
Phoneme Frequency
Distribution of phonemes across 636 transcribed dictionary entries (3,727 total tokens)
/a/
589 (15.8%)
/n/
451 (12.1%)
/l/
399 (10.7%)
/ɛ/
341 (9.1%)
/r/
312 (8.4%)
/m/
298 (8%)
/iː/
246 (6.6%)
/uː/
192 (5.2%)
/d/
162 (4.3%)
/ð/
152 (4.1%)
/ɔ/
67 (1.8%)
/s̄/
58 (1.6%)
/k/
58 (1.6%)
/g/
55 (1.5%)
/yː/
52 (1.4%)
/h/
48 (1.3%)
/ɪ/
40 (1.1%)
/v/
35 (0.9%)
/ʏ/
31 (0.8%)
/ɕ/
29 (0.8%)
/w/
29 (0.8%)
/t/
26 (0.7%)
/ɧ/
23 (0.6%)
/ʊ/
17 (0.5%)
/f/
13 (0.3%)
/p/
4 (0.1%)