Phonology

Sound inventory and phonological rules

18 consonants
11 vowels

Consonant Inventory

MannerBilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPostalveolarPalatalVelar
Plosive
pb
·
td
·
·
kg
Nasal
m
·
n
·
·
·
Tap/Flap
·
·
ɾ
·
·
·
Fricative
·
fv
sz
ʃʒ
·
x
Approximant
·
·
·
·
j
·
Lateral approximant
·
·
l
·
·
·

Vowel Inventory

HeightFrontCentralBack
Close
iy
ɨ
u
Close-mid
eø
·
o
Open-mid
ɛ
·
ɔ
Open
a
·
ɑ

Syllable Structure

(C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)

Phonological Rules

/p/ → [pː]
/b/ → [bː]
/t/ → [tː]
/d/ → [dː]
/k/ → [kː]
/g/ → [gː]
/m/ → [mː]
/n/ → [nː]
/f/ → [fː]
/v/ → [vː]
/s/ → [sː]
/z/ → [zː]
/ʃ/ → [ʃː]
/ʒ/ → [ʒː]
/x/ → [xː]
/l/ → [lː]
/ɾ/ → [rː]

/j/ → [ʲ] / C_

Phoneme Frequency

Distribution of phonemes across 203 transcribed dictionary entries (988 total tokens)

/l/
121 (12.2%)
/ɑ/
109 (11%)
/ɛ/
105 (10.6%)
/t/
81 (8.2%)
/ɔ/
62 (6.3%)
/s/
55 (5.6%)
/ɾ/
49 (5%)
/n/
47 (4.8%)
/d/
46 (4.7%)
/ʃ/
34 (3.4%)
/i/
34 (3.4%)
/m/
30 (3%)
/g/
30 (3%)
/k/
25 (2.5%)
/v/
22 (2.2%)
/b/
21 (2.1%)
/eː/
18 (1.8%)
/oː/
16 (1.6%)
/ø/
14 (1.4%)
/f/
11 (1.1%)
/p/
11 (1.1%)
/x/
9 (0.9%)
/aː/
8 (0.8%)
/u/
7 (0.7%)
/ʒ/
6 (0.6%)
/j/
6 (0.6%)
/z/
5 (0.5%)
/y/
3 (0.3%)
/ɨ/
3 (0.3%)